Everything That's Audio in audioXpress December 2023

audioXpress December 2023 includes a market overview of multiroom audio, Brent Butterworth writes about new ways to measure ANC earbuds, and Stuart Yaniger measured the new Axign and GaN Systems Class-D audio amplifier board. Richard Honeycutt writes about tubes, BJTs, JFETs, MOSFETs, and ICs, and Dimitri Danyuk, discusses JFETs in audio circuits. Douglas Self explains how to optimize variable-frequency tone controls, and Jan Didden shares his eDD direct-drive amplifier project.

To reproduce an audio signal faithfully over the whole audio band, your circuit needs to have a bandwidth at least as large as the audio band. But that’s not the only requirement: your circuit needs to maintain that bandwidth from the lowest to the highest signal level. That’s where the crux lies: it is relatively easy to get a nice wide bandwidth for small signals, only to have it breakdown with high signal levels due to the dreaded slew rate limiting.

This article, originally published in The Audio Voice newsletter (#434), explores some practical experiments with Negative Feedback. "If I had a dollar for every time someone mentioned that negative feedback cannot work, because you cannot correct something after it happened, I would be a rich man," says Jan Didden. "Yes, it can be hard to get your head around feedback circuits for audio amplifiers. Yet, all it takes is to look around you," he adds.

audioXpress visited Grimm Audio in The Netherlands to learn more about the people behind this unique company, its products, and philosophy. There's nothing better to learn about product development than to visit an audio company and learn from its history and business journey. As a relatively young company, Grimm Audio has consistently put its mark on both the pro audio and hi-fi scene and Jan Didden shares what he learned about their unique in-house development philosophy. This article was originally published in audioXpress, July 2023.

What happens when you add Head-Tracking, Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTF), Room Impulse Responses (RIR), and Binaural Room Impulse Responses (BRIR)? Sharing his experience at the AES Europe 2023 Convention, held at Aalto University, Espoo, Helsinki, Finland (May 13 – 15), Jan Didden writes about listening to speakers on headphones and how good this is getting. How convincing is it? Very.

For those who need to refresh their knowledge or learn about audio test and measurements, Jan Didden reviews a great - and big! - book on the topic. Audio Tests & Measurements by Igor S. Popovitch is one of the many self-published works by this proficient writer based in Australia, also the author of several popular books on vacuum tube amplifiers. This particular book runs about 180 pages, but that is deceiving as the book’s format (A4 size) is about twice the size of most soft cover books.

This article expands the conversation around feedback theory for electronic circuits and audio amplifiers. Do we "really" need wideband open loop in audio amplifiers? The subject came up at the 154th Audio Engineering Society (AES) convention in Helsinki, Finland. Looking at the frequency domain, not necessarily, Jan Didden argued. In this article he looks at the question in the Time Domain. Narrow Bandwidth, High Open Loop Gain Amplifier versus a Wide Bandwidth, Low Open Loop Gain Amplifier in the Time Domain.

Although feedback theory for electronic circuits has been established for over a century, it is still a subject for discussion. This short essay is an attempt to shed some light on one of those recurring controversies. The subject came up at the 154th Audio Engineering Society (AES) convention in Helsinki, Finland. Audio amplifiers are basically integrators or, if you will, low-pass filters. That means that at some frequency, their open-loop gain starts to fall off. With that, the loop gain available for feedback also starts to fall off, leading to a diminishing of the curative effects of feedback: distortion starts to rise, gain accuracy starts to drop, output impedance starts to go up, etcetera.

Linear Audio, the bookzine created in 2010 by Jan Didden, is now available on a USB with The Complete Linear Audio Library. We asked three Linear Audio and audioXpress authors - Gary Galo, Bob Cordell, and Dimitri Danyuk - to review it and share their thoughts. Important to know, the USB drive doesn't contain only the PDFs of published articles. It also ads additional articles by Jan Didden and others, together with materials of historical interest.

In this second article, Brian Lowe (Belleson LLC) continues his search for the Unicorn of "Measuring Voltage Regulator Ripple Rejection," this time focusing on the test fixtures. Testing a voltage regulator with exceptionally good performance requires an even more exceptional signal source and measurement setup to measure sub-microVolt ripple across a wide frequency range. Complementing the final article, Jan Didden, offers an informative sidebar about super regulators. This article was originally published in audioXpress, June 2019.